Tuesday, December 09, 2008
Paradigm of Movement Dakwah
at 8:13 PM
In the beginning of 20th century, the phenomenon of dakwah focusing on movements emerged. This kind of dakwah is known as “dakwah harakah” (movement dakwah), implemented by Ikhwanul Muslimin in Egypt, Jamaat Islamiah in Pakistan, and Nur Khuluq or Harakah Nuriyah in Turkey, countries in which symbols of Islamic glory had been broken by western colonialism. In its time, dakwah of movement was really a new paradigm. If conventional dakwah in general are “tabligh” (submitting) and partial, then as said by al Qahtahi, dakwah of movement focuses on developing Islamic society systematically from individual improvement (“ishlah al fard”), family improvement (“ishlah al usrah”), society improvement (“ishlah al mujtamaâ”), and government and state improvements (“ishlah ad daulah”).Characteristics of Movement Dakwah
According to Mustafa Masyhur, “dakwah harakah” is based on three powers at the same time, which are (1) power of aqidah and iman (faith), (2) power of unity and associations of Muslims (“quwwat al wahdah wa at tarabbuth”), and (3) power of jihad (“quwwat al jihad”).
According to Fathi Yakan, there are four very prominent characteristics of “dakwah harakah”, which are: (1) pure and authentic (“dzatiyyah”), which are authentic as calls of God, (2) encouraging advancements (“taqaddumiyah”), which are advancement that still uphold values of morality, (3) universal (“syamilah”), including all aspects of life, integrating three life systems (“manhaj al hayat”) that consist of Din (religion), Dunya (world), and Daulah (state government), (4) Emphasizing supreme religious principles and avoiding mazhab differences.
According to Sayyid Qutub, an activist and architect of dakwah harakah in Egypt, there are three characteristics of dakwah harakah, which are (1) putting more stress on actions than on theories, discourses, and rethorics, just like dakwah of Prophet Muhammad that didn’t build discourses (“la yuqim falsafatan”) but built ummah (“lakin yubni ummah”), (2) allowing usage of physical forces in form of jihad fisabilillah if the situation compels it. Jihad is required to guard dakwah and to defend from physical disturbances that hinder dakwah, (3) using organizations and networks (networking) at national, regional, and international levels. According to Sayyid Qutub, dakwah is not an individual task but instead is a collective obligation of all Muslims. Organizations of dakwah harakah should be open and built based on “aqidah tauhid” and brotherhood of Islam regardless ethnics, races, and skin colors.
Da’is of dakwah harakah
Any movement certainly requires cadres’ support. Cadres of dakwah harakah are da’is, but da’is (Islamic missionaries) here are da’is in paradigm of movement, which are dakwah strugglers (mujahid ad dakwah). Here, a da’i is a fighter and activist of Islamic movement that had equipped himself with certain knowledges, insights, and “ghirrah diniyyah” so that he will be able to be endured in facing scorns, physical tortures, and ready to die as a syahid. Slogan of mujahid dakwah is “Allahu maqshaduna” (Allah is our aim), “al Qurân imamuna” (al Quran is our imam), was sunnah sabiluna (sunnah of the Prophet is our way), and wa al mautu fi sabililah amanuna (die as a syahid is our hope).
Why dakwah harakah is required?
Dakwah harakah isn’t implemented all the time, but only when the situation compels it, which are when (1) dakwah is hindered by physical power, so that there’s no chance to spread Islam (do dakwah) peacefully, (2) no readiness on Muslims, including mental, moral, and power readinessess, (3) usage of physical power on dakwah harakah is an emergency. If the situation becomes conducive again to do dakwah peacefully, then usage of physical power should be stopped.
Problems of Muslims in the various parts on the earth are different, and to make decisions in responding difficult situations in those places deep thinkings and careful ijtihad are required. For Chechnya Muslims which had been overpowered by Soviet Communism, dakwah harakah is a must. Mujahidin dakwah in Chechnya, however, should be ready to be accused as terrorists by Soviet Union (and USA), since differences between strugglers and terrorists are indeed subtle. All of our strugglers for independence were also labeled as terrorists and extremist by the Colonialist Dutch. According to Palestinians, Hamas strugglers are mujahidin and Israel are a terrorist, but according to President Bush, Ariel Sharon, the former Israeli prime minister is regarded as a peace figure and former president Arafat is regarded as a terrorist. Similar problems had been faced by other Muslims colleagues in South Philippines, Kashmir, Afghanistan, and other countries. Wallahu alam.
Kita yg hidup di hujung zaman ini, manusia yg hebat2 sudah pergi meninggalkan kita menghadap Allah...
Oleh itu berikan sumbangan semampu2nya untuk memenangkan agama Allah ini.
Ws.
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